Conversion of jet biofuel range hydrocarbons from palm oil over zeolite hybrid catalyst

The catalytic conversion of palm oil was carried out over four zeolite catalysts—Y, ZSM-5, Y-ZSM-5 hybrid, and Y/ZSM-5 composite—to produce jet biofuel with high amount alkanes low aromatic hydrocarbons. hybrid catalyst synthesized using crystalline Y as the seed for growth ZSM-5. Synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, temperature programmed desorption ammonia, while chemical compositions analyzed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). resulted in highest yield (42 wt%) biofuel: a selectivity range (51%) hydrocarbons (25%). Zeolite produced decreased percentage alkane (30%) significant increase (57%). to hydrocarbon compounds achieved (99%), followed composite (96%), (91%), ZSM-5 (74%). reaction routes converting involve deoxygenation fatty acids into C15–C18 via decarboxylation decarbonylation, cracking C8–C14 alkanes, cycloalkanes well aromatization hydrocarbon.